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Inanna/Ishtar's most famous myth is the story of her descent into and return from the ancient Mesopotamian underworld, ruled by her older sister Ereshkigal. When he refuses, she unleashes the Bull of Heaven, resulting in the death of Enkidu and Gilgamesh's subsequent grapple with his mortality. In the standard Akkadian version of the Epic of Gilgamesh, Ishtar asks Gilgamesh to become her consort. Alongside her twin brother Utu (later known as Shamash), Inanna was the enforcer of divine justice she destroyed Mount Ebih for having challenged her authority, unleashed her fury upon the gardener Shukaletuda after he raped her in her sleep, and tracked down the bandit woman Bilulu and killed her in divine retribution for having murdered Dumuzid. She was also believed to have taken over the Eanna temple from An, the god of the sky. She was believed to have been given the mes, which represented all positive and negative aspects of civilization, by Enki, the god of wisdom. Many of her myths involve her taking over the domains of other deities. She also had a uniquely high number of epithets and alternate names, comparable only to Nergal. Inanna appears in more myths than any other Sumerian deity. Her cult continued to flourish until its gradual decline between the first and sixth centuries CE in the wake of Christianity. Inanna/Ishtar is alluded to in the Hebrew Bible and she greatly influenced the Ugaritic Ashtart and later Phoenician Astarte, who in turn possibly influenced the development of the Greek goddess Aphrodite. She was especially beloved by the Assyrians, who elevated her to become the highest deity in their pantheon, ranking above their own national god Ashur. The cult of Inanna/Ishtar, which may have been associated with a variety of sexual rites, was continued by the East Semitic-speaking people ( Akkadians, Assyrians and Babylonians) who succeeded and absorbed the Sumerians in the region.
During the post-Sargonic era, she became one of the most widely venerated deities in the Sumerian pantheon, with temples across Mesopotamia. 3100 BCE), but she had little cult activity before the conquest of Sargon of Akkad. Inanna was worshiped in Sumer at least as early as the Uruk period ( c. Her husband was the god Dumuzid (later known as Tammuz) and her sukkal, or personal attendant, was the goddess Ninshubur (who later became conflated with the male deities Ilabrat and Papsukkal). She was associated with the planet Venus and her most prominent symbols included the lion and the eight-pointed star. She was known as the " Queen of Heaven" and was the patron goddess of the Eanna temple at the city of Uruk, which was her main cult center. She was originally worshiped in Sumer under the name "Inanna", and later by the Akkadians, Babylonians, and Assyrians under the name " Ishtar". She is also associated with beauty, sex, justice, and political power. Inanna is an ancient Mesopotamian goddess of love, war, and fertility. Utu/Shamash (twin brother), Ereshkigal (older sister).
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